Recent transformations in the structure and function of the Iranian family, influenced by the process of globalization and the influx of Western cultural patterns alongside lifestyle shifts, have led to a change in the value system and a shift in priorities from family obligations toward individual welfare and comfort. The prominence of factors such as comfort-seeking, consumerism, and individualism in contemporary lifestyles serves as a foundation for the decline in the desire for childbearing and subsequent demographic changes. This research employs an interdisciplinary approach to examine the relationship between dimensions of modern lifestyle and anti-childbearing tendencies. The scope of the discussion encompasses an analysis of the cultural, economic, and psychological mechanisms influencing these changes, while the literature review relies on official statistical data, academic texts, and international studies in the field of family. The findings of this study include the identification of key components of a comfort-seeking lifestyle associated with the decline in fertility rates and the development of a conceptual framework regarding the relationships between these components and decision-making about childbearing.